June 2019

The cautionary warnings continue for insurers regarding the cyber risks that they underwrite. Although cybersure is seen as one of the major opportunities for the insurance industry, there are a number of risks including the increasing frequency of cyberattacks, the difficulty in pricing for the risks, and the fact that existing policies, including liability and

A sale agreement had been signed on behalf of a trust, as purchaser, by a single trustee whose conduct was thereafter ratified by the remaining trustees.

The court held that the agreement of sale was not valid and enforceable and it could not be ratified after the fact. In terms of section 2(1) of the

The Johannesburg High Court discussed the balance between the constitutional right of freedom of expression and the required respect for inherent dignity ‘to all human beings’. The defendant argued the allegedly defamatory statements made about the plaintiff were true and in the public interest.

It is for the defendant in a defamation claim to establish

Where a bill of lading provided that ‘the carrier shall in no case be responsible for loss of or damage to the cargo, howsoever arising … in respect of deck cargo’ the English High Court held that the provision effectively excluded liability for deck cargo which was lost overboard from the vessel in heavy seas.

Extraordinarily, the English Supreme Court had to decide whether the words ‘he tried to strangle me’ used on a Facebook post by a woman regarding her ex-husband meant that ‘he tried to kill me’ and damaged his reputation, hence the defamation claim.

The lower court, after an analysis of dictionary meanings of the word ‘strangle’,