Topic: Insurance

‘Occurrence’ in insurance policies

By Donald Dinnie on March 24, 2020 Posted in Insurance

The test enunciated by the English court in Kuwait Airways Corporation v Kuwait Insurance Co [1996] 1 Lloyds Rep 664, confirmed in Mann and Another v Lexington Insurance Company [2000] is no different in South African law. “An ‘occurrence’ (which is not materially different from an event or happening, unless perchance the contractual context requires … Continue reading

The Big Read Book series – Volume 4

By Donald Dinnie on March 22, 2020 Posted in Insurance

Norton Rose Fulbright’s collection of South African insurance judgments for 2019 is now available here. 2019 saw a limited number of insurance disputes determined by way of litigation. The various alternative dispute resolution mechanisms used by the insurance industry continue to function well and deliver a tremendous service to insured and insurer alike. Volume 4 of … Continue reading

Council for Medical Schemes banning of low cost benefit options

By Lolo Mhaga and Michelle David on March 19, 2020 Posted in Insurance

Healthcare has found its way into everyday conversations more so than in recent years. The steadfast movement towards a National Health Insurance has inspired vigorous yet contrary emotions with each side holding their position with equal conviction. On 4 December 2019 a decision by the Registrar and Chief Executive Officer of the Council for Medical … Continue reading

Insurance claims and COVID-19

By Donald Dinnie on March 18, 2020 Posted in Insurance

If you haven’t already dusted off the business interruption, liability and event cancellation policies you have underwritten, or placed for an insured, and checked for coronavirus coverage, now is the time to do so. Exposure and benefits of both business interruption coverage (covering the insureds losses from an abrupt shutdown) and contingent business interruption coverage … Continue reading

Interpretation of an EAR Policy’s defect exclusion clause

By Donald Dinnie on March 5, 2020 Posted in Insurance

A Greek appeal court was recently called upon to interpret the exclusion under the Contractors’ Erection All Risks Policy which read: “the insurer shall not Indemnify the Insured for … The cost of replacement, repair or rectification of loss due to defective material and/or workmanship. This exclusion shall be limited to the insured items directly … Continue reading

Causation, the ‘but-for’ test and flexibility

By Donald Dinnie on February 24, 2020 Posted in Insurance

A defendant is not liable unless their wrongful conduct in fact causes the claimant’s harm. The defendant is also not liable merely because their conduct in fact caused the claimant’s harm. There must be both factual and legal causation. The long accepted test of factual causation is the ‘but-for’ test. One asks whether the claimant’s … Continue reading

Indemnity and disclaimer clauses relating to school children: 12 things to know

By Donald Dinnie on February 10, 2020 Posted in Insurance

If you, as a parent or guardian of a minor child, sign a disclaimer clause, you might lose the right to sue the school for damages you suffer (in your own right) relating to your child’s death or injury, which was negligently and wrongfully caused by the school. A parent or guardian can never lawfully … Continue reading

Damage caused by incorrect labelling is not insured as ‘arising out of’ the product manufactured (US)

By Patrick Bracher (ZA) on February 10, 2020 Posted in Insurance

A bulk supplier of prescription drugs, which was not a manufacturer, supplied drugs in bulk to a retailer. A customer of the retailer suffered severe bodily injury because of misleading and defective labelling by the retailer. The retailer was entitled to the benefit of the distributor’s insurance if any claim was ‘only with respect to … Continue reading

Insurers, personal injury damages and medical expenses

By Donald Dinnie on February 4, 2020 Posted in Insurance

Insurers dealing with and defending personal injury claims under a liability policy should bear in mind the general principles regarding claims for damages in those cases. The plaintiff who claims damages for the cost of future medical expenses bears the onus of proving the damages claimed and that the damages claim is reasonable. Generally it … Continue reading

Reviewing the law on ‘reasonable precautions’

By Donald Dinnie on January 29, 2020 Posted in Insurance

The reasonable precautions clause which commonly appears in policies requires the insured to take reasonable steps to safeguard the insured property or prevent accidents and minimise loss, damage or liability (or variations thereof). The clause most likely requires proof of recklessness on the part of the insured but interestingly, there is no authoritative judgment by … Continue reading

Higher premiums for renewing customers investigated by UK regulator

By Patrick Bracher (ZA) on January 26, 2020 Posted in Insurance

The Financial Conduct Authority in the UK has published an interim report of its market study into pricing of home and motor insurance. The FCA found that: Insurers often sell policies at a discount to new customers and increase premiums where customers renew, targeting increases at those less likely to switch. Longstanding customers pay more … Continue reading

Legal proceedings against organs of state and condonation applications

By Donald Dinnie on January 22, 2020 Posted in Insurance

From time to time insurers are required to defend proceedings against their insureds who are organs of state or to institute subrogated recovery actions against such bodies. The Institution of Legal Proceedings Against Certain Organs of State Act 2002 requires the claimant who wishes to proceed against an organ of state to give notice to … Continue reading

That sinking feeling – proximate cause and insurance

By Donald Dinnie on January 20, 2020 Posted in Insurance

A German appeal court determined, in a marine claim, that the proximate cause of a vessel’s grounding and ultimate sinking after its main engine cut out was bad weather rather than an engine problem. Accordingly the loss was held to be proximately caused by peril of the sea, covered under the relevant policy. The events … Continue reading

Insurance, consensus and non-existent property

By Donald Dinnie on January 14, 2020 Posted in Insurance

The basis for contractual insurance liability is actual consensus supported by the insureds’ and the insurers’ serious intention to be legally bound to what they have agreed to. There is no consensus if there is a material mistake relating to the identity of the parties to the insurance contract, or the object of the risk, … Continue reading

Offers of settlement and time-bars in insurance policies

By Donald Dinnie on January 8, 2020 Posted in Insurance

In South Africa, for example, under the Policyholder Protection Rules or the Short-term Ombud’s Rules the running of statutory prescription and time-bar limitation periods provided for in an insurance policy may be suspended while a dispute is resolved. German law also provides for some circumstances in which the limitation period in an insurance coverage dispute … Continue reading

When does a claim under a liability policy prescribe?

By Donald Dinnie on December 11, 2019 Posted in Insurance

A claim for indemnification under a liability insurance contract only arises when liability to a third party for a certain amount has been established. For purposes of prescription, the debt becomes due when the insured is under legal liability to pay a fixed and determined sum of money. Until then a ‘claim’ for indemnification under … Continue reading

Specific terms override general terms and insurers bound by agents (US)

By Patrick Bracher (ZA) on November 24, 2019 Posted in Insurance

The Washington Supreme Court found that an insurance company was bound by its agent’s written representations that a particular corporation was an additional insured under a policy even though the printed words in the certificate of insurance said the addition was not binding. A mobile telephone operator and a contractor together erected a cell phone … Continue reading

Medical malpractice: A USA birth injury comparison

By Donald Dinnie on November 19, 2019 Posted in Insurance

South African healthcare practitioners and insurers may take some comfort (on the basis that the grass is not greener) from the jury verdict of an Illinois, US Court in a medical malpractice claim against the West Suburban Medical Center and others. The jury awarded a record US$100.6 million damages against the hospital in respect of brain … Continue reading

Loss adjusters’ reports may not be privileged

By Donald Dinnie on November 15, 2019 Posted in Insurance

Loss Adjusters’ reports are only privileged where the reports are prepared in contemplation of litigation and for the purpose of seeking legal advice. But it is not every insurance claim where litigation is likely or reasonably anticipated. The sole or dominant purpose of the creation of the report need not be for the purposes of … Continue reading

The Big Read Book Series

By Donald Dinnie and Patrick Bracher (ZA) on November 3, 2019 Posted in Insurance

Norton Rose Fulbright’s insurance practice is excited to announce the launch of its Big Read Book Series with the publications of Volume 1 and 2 in the series. The series is part of the insurance practice’s contribution to resourcing the insurance industry. Volume 1 is a collection of South African insurance judgments of 2018. Volume … Continue reading

Loss of profits claim for damaged taxi (UK)

By Patrick Bracher (ZA) on October 27, 2019 Posted in Insurance

Where the vehicle of a professional driver such as a taxi driver is damaged in an accident caused by another party’s fault, there is a loss of profits claim while the vehicle is repaired or replaced which may be limited to mitigation costs. The following principles apply: The starting point is the loss of profits … Continue reading

Animals cannot commit vandalism and malicious mischief (US)

By Patrick Bracher (ZA) on October 14, 2019 Posted in Insurance

An insured sued under their Dwelling Policy for a substantial amount of damage that had been caused to their home by racoons which somehow entered the dwelling. They relied on the cover provided for ‘vandalism and malicious mischief’ which cannot be applied to animals, said the Pennsylvania court. Not surprisingly, the court found that ‘vandalism’ … Continue reading

Russian roulette is self-inflicted injury not suicide (US)

By Patrick Bracher (ZA) on October 8, 2019 Posted in Insurance

A Texas court held that the insurers did not have to pay the death claim for a teenager who died when he pulled the trigger of a revolver with the barrel in his mouth and one bullet in the cylinder killed him instantly, because it was excluded by the policy exclusion for death caused directly … Continue reading

Act of God defence fails

By Patrick Bracher (ZA) on September 25, 2019 Posted in Insurance

When Superstorm Sandy struck Staten Island off New York in October 2012, a dinner cruise boat docked in a marina sustained severe damage from the storm’s high winds and rain, ultimately sinking with a loss of $750 000. The operators of the marina were held liable to the insurer which had paid out more than $900 000 … Continue reading