A June 2023 UK Supreme Court judgment reaffirmed the general principle that, unless the contrary is expressly enacted or so plainly implied that the courts must give effect to it, legislation is applicable only to persons in the country or doing business in the country in a way that subjects the person to local jurisdiction.

A June 2021 UK Supreme Court judgment has highlighted the difficulties insurers may face when relying on a intentional or deliberate acts exclusion.

A bouncer at a pub in Aberdeen, Scotland had applied a non-approved neck hold on a rowdy customer resulting in the customer’s death due to mechanical asphyxiation.  In a subsequent criminal trial,